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Are Hawaii's Tech Tax Credit Worth the Cost?

Today, the Honolulu Advertiser ran an article on 221/215. The article is primarily a strong attack on the prudence and viability of the tax credits. The article cites a new 25 page report by the Department of Taxation that is well worth reading.

The numbers look bad and the public reaction (both in quotes and comments from the community) are heavily negative.

The report states:

- $300 M in tax credits have already been claimed through 2006
- Another $350 M is projected to be claimed from 2007-2011.
- Only 2245 jobs have directly been created (David Watumull estimates over 400 total if independent contractors are included)
- Software companies only claim 16% of the total tax credits claimed
- Performing arts companies claim 33% of the total tax credit claimed
- Depending on what figures you use, the cost to the state per job created is somewhere between $140,000 to $530,000

Ongoing Discussions at TechHui

We have been discussing this issue for months - most recently on Dan's thread about finding and retaining talent, on the discussion to lobby for 221/215, and in the original discussion about caring for 221/215.

Are the Tax Credits Worth it?

I have not seen anyone in these discussions provided a careful analysis of the benefits of 221/215 relative to the costs. I see a lot of general excitement but not thoughtful examination of why the ROI is really there.

Giving companies large pots of money with little restrictions sounds like a bad idea. None of the reports I have seen shows otherwise.

While I am sure many companies using 221/215 are legitimate and have noble intentions, the program as a whole, seems to be an invitation to fraud and abuse.

I am looking forward to learning from a discussion on this topic.

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Comment by Bruce M. Bird on April 12, 2009 at 9:40am
Hi, John. Thank you for clarifying your point.
Comment by Bill Spencer on April 9, 2009 at 9:40am
That is why I also advise entrepreneurs to build solid management teams, hire the best advisors they can afford and empanel an advisory board.
Comment by John on April 8, 2009 at 5:42pm
Bill says "One problem I observe with entrepreneurs at all stages is not 'dreaming' or thinking big enough."

Studies show repeatedly that people over-estimate their abilities (the 'Lake Wobegone' effect). Encouraging people to think bigger is likely to increase risk because it forces the entrepreneur into a plan that they are less qualified to implement.
Comment by Bill Spencer on April 8, 2009 at 1:16pm
Attracting mainland talent is all together different than attracting mainland companies to come here to set up shop. 221 has in fact resulted in a "brain gain" especially by attracting locals back to Hawaii who had left for school and couldn't find any jobs back home that either paid a decent salary or was in line with their training. Attracting mainland investment is also different from attracting businesses to come here. 221 has been very successful at attracting mainland investment thanks to the ability to shift credits between tax advantaged and non-tax advantaged investors. These were intended consequences.
Comment by Laurence A. Lee on April 8, 2009 at 12:25pm
Bill, I'm absolutely shocked that you claim Act 221 was never designed to attract businesses to Hawaii -- especially when it's been repeatedly stated that Act 221 investments seek to attract the experience of seasoned High-Technology Investors from the Mainland.

Maybe I'm making an unconscious leap here, but I'd think that to attract mainland investors, we'd have to expect that we also need to attract mainland talent (blogged about in another thread) as well as mainland opportunities. It has always gone hand-in-hand in my mind, and that has been the only compelling reason for me to consider renewing Act 221 beyond 2010.
Comment by Bruce M. Bird on April 8, 2009 at 12:00pm
Hi, Bill. Your quote: "There is a big difference between thinking big and taking big risks" is a good one.

In his post, John mentioned the phrase "strategic risks". It's been my experience that this phrase means different things to different people. I just want to make sure that I understand his point.
Comment by Bill Spencer on April 8, 2009 at 11:44am
Thanks Bruce. I wasn't attributing this to you, just clarifying the notion that 221 was designed to attract businesses to Hawaii.

Regarding dreaming too big or motivating risky behavior. One problem I observe with entrepreneurs at all stages is not "dreaming" or thinking big enough. Investors and especially VC's want to see companies dominate a market and be shooting for revenues exceeding $100M in 5-10 years. There is a big difference between thinking big and taking big risks. Investors are all about risk mitigation. They want to know that the entrepreneur has thought about all the risks and has a plan to deal with them. Investors are risk avoidance not risk takers. 221 helps mitigate the downside risk in early stage investments. The intent of 221 was to motivate Hawaii investors, most of whom made their fortunes in real estate, to look at other types of investments, ie. high tech companies, and incent them to invest in order to build a tech sector and help diversifty our tourism dependent economy.
Comment by Bruce M. Bird on April 8, 2009 at 11:36am
Hi, Bill. I was responding to John's comment. I never stated that the "intent" of 221 was "to attract companies to relocate to Hawaii".

But, I can see how you might draw that inference.

So, please allow me to re-state my question to John as follows: Did you mean that Act 221 is attracting the establishment of technology ventures in Hawaii that are of a riskier nature than technology ventures established in other states ?
Comment by GB Hajim on April 8, 2009 at 10:58am
Well said!
Comment by Bill Spencer on April 8, 2009 at 10:22am
I would just like to point out that the intent of 221 was never to attract companies to relocate to Hawaii. That may be a consequence, but the intent was capital formation for companies already on the ground here or new local startups. The Honolulu Advertiser has perpetuated the notion that 221 was set up to attract companies to move to Hawaii. Nothing could be further from the truth.

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